8.3.8 COLLATE Clause in Various Parts of an SQL Query

With the COLLATE clause you can override whatever the default collation is for a comparison. COLLATE may be used in various parts of SQL queries. Here are some examples:

• With ORDER BY:

  SELECT k
  FROM t1
  ORDER BY k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;
  

• With AS:

  SELECT k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci AS k1
  FROM t1
  ORDER BY k1;
  

• With GROUP BY:

  SELECT k
  FROM t1
  GROUP BY k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;
  

• With aggregate functions:

  SELECT MAX(k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci)
  FROM t1;
  

• With DISTINCT:

  SELECT DISTINCT k COLLATE latin1_german2_ci
  FROM t1;
  

• With WHERE:

  SELECT *
  FROM t1
  WHERE _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci = k;
  

• With HAVING:

  SELECT k
  FROM t1
  GROUP BY k
  HAVING k = _latin1 'Müller' COLLATE latin1_german2_ci;
  

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